Censorship in Cinemas Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

A Hard Days Night

Music is one of the Great Britain's most magnificent commitments to the world, regardless of the inclination of melodic developments in the course of the most recent four decades to generate societies that appear to ethically harm the social standards, particularly on the adolescent. A great part of the marvel can be credited to the coming and improvement of TV as a mechanism of correspondence, for TV has incomprehensibly launch the vocation of well known artists to an unheard of level. In a comparative size, film has additionally anticipated antagonistic ramifications on how everyday citizens treat famous people. Along with TV, film has dehumanized big names so that society and culture, especially in the west, have in the long run sustained watchers at home with careless adjustment to the media just as a completely evolved arrangement of lauding big names and their extreme conduct. The tremors of communicate media and film have delivered the idea of triviality and bias as a reason for notoriety. It is very clear on how famous actors, artists, competitors, and business models are treated in cafés and other open spots. The movie A Hard Day's Night, for example, embodies and handles the reaction of the disparaging idea of notoriety as felt by famous people in an individual level since they themselves feel the advantage of an ordinary life bit by bit withdrawing from them. The setting of the film is slanted on the possibility that the visual components gave by film and TV make an after of a specific craftsman or gathering of specialists dependent on appearance and not on ability. In investigation of the developing issue, Kevin Donnelly's British Film Music and Musicals underscores the wonder of how A Hard Day's Night turned into the remedy to the venom realized by film and TV's visuals so that the attention is more on The Beatles' music as the narrator rather than the plot or the cast themselves (Donnelly, 2007). In opposition to different movies including music specialists, for example, the unbelievable Elvis Presley who has been the guinea pig of producers who sat idle yet to misuse his fame in film. Donnelly composes that the film basically associates watchers to the band through the melodic score which goes connected at the hip with the circumstance and feelings that the film's scenes raise (2007). The tunes propose how the Beatles disdain about the incidental advantages of notoriety while managing the rebuffing idea of their obligations, for example, recording and visiting. The virtual contact likewise occurs as the film shares the band's ruthless torments of having a big name life while relinquishing their own objectives and interests. The visual advancements of film and film in reality add to the fact that such mechanisms of correspondence make gods out of big names. In this sense, A Hard Day's Night speaks to and mirrors the star-production hardware around The Beatles so that it reports of The Beatles' misfortunes in the United States during the pinnacle of their vocation. The band's grip with business achievement were spoken to through experiences of interest by law authorities and a swarm of fans just as their appearances on question and answer sessions, tries with their specialists, and inn life (Balio, 1987). Along these lines, Such conditions are very like the instances of present day superstars being located and pursued on open places or being captured for driving quick and affected by psychoactive substances. A Hard Day's Night, in the interim praises the band's fame in an alternate way, by featuring the band's adaptability as artists since part of the film catches the band's most recent organizations at that point, being played during training meetings, live exhibitions, and casual set-ups (Balio, 1987). The film's unmistakable way to deal with the point subjects the inclination of visuals, for example, film and TV as vocation supporters so that the grandstand of the band's ability through live exhibitions are appeared, not normal for conventional performer arranged movies which utilize the craftsman's recorded material. In a relating approach, A Hard Day's Night along with the film and media business fill in as a joke of the star-production hardware around The Beatles just as different big names and well known characters, principally in light of the fact that music is an artistic expression which animates thankfulness through hearing. Thusly, the committed mode of correspondence for communicating the craft of music and recording craftsmen should be the radio, not TV, film, and certainly not print. The film likewise affronts The Beatles as specialists by cleverly handling the issue of pop acclaim, which the musicians experience, through a medium that caused such a plague in any case (Glynn, 2005). What's more, the dirtying idea of TV and film has by and by made its essence felt as the visuals have demonstrated to be valuable guides in abusing craftsmen and advancing the created arrangement of revering famous people, which is for this situation happens to be The Beatles. Besides, the visuals gave by TV and film buries genuine melodic ability by removing the account craftsmen's melodic validity (Frith, 2002). Simon Frith (2002) anyway suggests that rock is to be comprehended as a TV item. The key components and highlights of TV and film, for Frith, have arranged the way of how the crowd see music and performers. Simon Frith composes that TV has gotten to a great extent capable in the field of star-production for the explanation that TV with its accentuation on close-ups of the entertainer and melodic virtuosity, specific sorts of organizing and display has added flavor to artists as praised open figures (2002). Frith likewise includes that the emergeance of music systems, for example, Music Television along with a few music related TV projects, for example, Top of the Pops have additionally supported craftsmen as far as advancement which influences segments of fame, for example, record deals and graph appraisals (Frith, 2002). The approach of innovation has in fact affected the standards and gauges for treatment of big names. Visuals, in an inconceivable, have added flavor to performers as attractions to the open eye, with it, the development of advancement for recording craftsmen have upset. Notwithstanding if the progressions achieved by the TV and movie industry to the open status of profession artists have positive or negative undercurrents, the main concern despite everything goes down to a specific point, change. A change that has been felt practically 50 years after it has for quite some time been improved and polished.

PTSD Coping, Support, and Living Well

PTSD Coping, Support, and Living Well PTSD Coping Print Coping With PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 29, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 08, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Social Coping Strategies Emotional and Physical Coping Strategies Work Relationships Triggers Lifestyle Risks Getting Professional Help View All The effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be far-reaching and debilitating. The symptoms  of PTSD can have a negative impact on your mental health, physical health, work, and relationships. You may feel isolated, have trouble maintaining a job, be unable to trust other people, and have difficulty controlling or expressing your emotions. Learning healthy strategies for coping with PTSD is possible and can offer a sense of renewal, hope, and control over your life. There are a variety of areas in our lives that can be impacted by the symptoms of PTSD and, in order to work toward a healthy recovery, it is important to give attention to each area. Verywell / JR Bee   Why Healthy Coping Skills Are Important If you have PTSD, you are at much greater risk  of developing a number of other mental health disorders, including  anxiety disorders, depression, eating disorders,  and substance use disorders. For example, researchers have found that people with PTSD are about six times as likely as someone without PTSD to develop depression and about five times as likely to develop another anxiety disorder.?? People with PTSD are six times as likely as someone without PTSD to attempt suicide. High rates of deliberate self-harm have also been found among people with PTSD. Social Coping Strategies Trying to explain your experience to others can be challenging. Not only can it be difficult to talk with people about the traumatic event itself, but it can be even more challenging to describe to others some of the symptoms you have been experiencing since the event. Educate Yourself and Others People who struggle with PTSD often do so in isolation, finding it hard to reach out. In fact, they might not even realize that they are struggling with PTSD until the symptoms become nearly unbearable. In addition to educating yourself on the symptoms and treatment, it is important to seek out safe people to connect with who can support you in your recovery journey. By learning about the condition, you can have the words to more clearly explain to others what is happening for you and ask for what you need. Find Supportive Connections There are many resources offered in local communities and online that offer group-based support, such as support groups, classes, community meetings, and online groups. Connecting with others who are going through a similar experience can break down the walls of isolation and help you understand that you are not alone. Interacting with others who are in various stages of healthy recovery can be invaluable to you in your own healing journey. You can discover tips for coping, connect with specialized providers and learn about new and emerging treatment options. Spend Time With People It is common for people with PTSD to shy away from people, withdraw, and retreat.?? Fears, anxiety, anger, frustration, confusion, and the feeling of being overwhelmed are just some of the reasons why it might feel better to stay isolated than be around people. Spending time with supportive friends and family can make a significant difference in your mood and outlook. Keep in mind that if you are sharing space with any family or friends, it is likely they already notice you struggling. Many times people dont know how to help or are afraid to say something for fear of causing more emotional pain. It can be helpful for all partiesâ€"both you and your loved onesâ€"to have time to spend together. Some ways to spend time with others can include things like: Going for a walkHave morning coffeePlay a card gameTalk on the phoneShare funny stories If you dont feel ready to talk yet, you can also sit quietly in the same room to read a book or a newspaper. Simply sharing the same space quietly can feel comforting. Finding Social Support for Your Health and Well-Being Emotional and Physical Coping Strategies One of the most important ways to cope with PTSDâ€"and many other conditionsâ€"is to take care of your mental and physical wellness. There are many strategies that can work together with your treatment to not only help you cope with PTSD but to strengthen your mind and body in ways that can benefit you in your everyday life. Mindfulness Because of the levels of stress, anxiety and overwhelm that people often experience with PTSD, finding time for prayer, meditation, and other mindfulness techniques can be helpful to calm our bodies and minds.?? If the thought of this is uncomfortable for you, keep in mind that there is no pressure to perform. Just beginning with one or two minutes per day of quiet mindfulness can feel like a victory. The goal of that time is to stay focused on the present without any threat of fear or judgment. Gradually add more time as you go, offering yourself moments to experience a sense of calm and learn how to balance yourself if you begin to feel overwhelmed or anxious. Exercise Just as it is important to learn how to calm your mind, it is also important to get your body moving. Taking time to enjoy the outdoors, get some fresh air, and move our bodies can be a helpful way to regulate mood and emotions. Research has shown that physical exercise can help our brains better cope with stress.?? In fact, psychologists suggest that just a 10-minute walk per day can benefit our mood and help to relieve anxiety and depression. Here are some things to keep in mind as you get started: Find an activity you enjoySet small goalsBe consistentListen to music or podcasts while you exerciseAsk a friend to join youBe patient with yourselfDrink plenty of fluidsMake sure to dress for the weather Participate in Counseling Talking with a professional such as a counselor or therapist might feel a bit intimidating, but can be very helpful when you are struggling with PTSD.?? Having a trained person available to offer support and guidance in your recovery is a key element to long-term success. Find someone you feel comfortable with, that you find trustworthy and knowledgeable, and be consistent in attending your sessions. Counseling offices can offer a safe, calm space for you to process without any fear of having to perform or be judged. Being consistent in your participation is helpful to build on your progress, continue growing, and find healing. Keep a Journal Some people find it relaxing to journal their thoughts and have a consistent place to go back to in order to write and process their experiences. Research has shown that people struggling with PTSD can find benefits in keeping a journal, including decreasing flashbacks, nightmares and intrusive memories, helping them slowly reconnect to people and places that they may otherwise want to avoid.?? Journaling can also aid in your counseling, as you can typically bring your journal to sessions as things come up that you would like to process. Talk with your therapist and see if this might be an option for you. Work People with PTSD miss more days at work and work less efficiently.?? Certain symptoms of PTSD, such as difficulty concentrating and  problems sleeping, may make it hard for you to pay attention at work, stay organized, or make it  to  work on time. People with PTSD have higher rates of unemployment than people without PTSD. Likewise, people with PTSD often have problems at school and are less likely to make it through high school or college. To help navigate some of the challenges that PTSD can bring into the workplace, it can be helpful for you to talk with your employer about things that could help. Being willing to communicate is necessary for people to better understand your experience and to help you work around challenges that you are facing. Examples of things to mention might include: Asking for flexibility with schedulingHelp in minimizing distractionsMoments to regroup if you begin to feel overwhelmedRearranging your workspace in a way that helps you feel safeTalk with your HR department about possible Employee Assistance Programs Relationships People with PTSD are more likely to have problems in their marriages than people without PTSD.??  Partners of people with the condition  may be faced with a  number of stressors  that go along with caring for and living with someone with emotional challenges like that of PTSD. The sources of stress include financial challenges, managing symptoms, dealing with crises, loss of friends, or loss of intimacy. These can have a major negative impact on a relationship. Keep in mind that those closest to you might already recognize you are struggling and not know what to say or how to help. That doesnt mean they dont care, it simply means they dont know what to do. When we are experiencing symptoms like those of PTSD, it can feel like we are completely separated from people and going through the experience alone. Be Honest About Your Needs Take time to help your loved ones understand what you are experiencing and be honest about how they can help. Ask them to be patient with you and remember to be patient with yourself as well. Setting and maintaining healthy boundaries around time or personal space can be important in relationships. Learning how to trust people and asking for help can be significant obstacles, but are very importantâ€"especially with those who care for us most. Carve Out Time Feeling isolated in our experience is a big part of dealing with PTSD. Moving away from people, shutting down, or staying hidden from important people in our lives can lead to more emotional pain and more debilitating symptoms. Take time to spend with loved ones and practice sharing space with them, interacting, and reconnecting. Nurturing these connections by carving out time to spend together is helpful for the relationship and beneficial to your recovery and healing. Triggers If you are struggling with PTSD, its possible that you can feel easily overwhelmed, fearful, and anxious. It is understandable that you would do whatever you can to avoid people, places, and things that could remind you of your traumatic experience. There are a couple of different types of triggers that people with PTSD can experienceâ€"internal and external. Examples of internal triggers can include: Feeling lonelyAngerSadnessFeeling vulnerableMuscle tensionMemoriesPhysical pain Examples of external triggers include: News programMovie or TV showSmellsAnniversaryHolidaysPlaces that remind you of the eventCertain people Although it is understandable to want to avoid triggers it is important to remember that, depending on the trauma we experienced, we may not be able to avoid everything that could be a trigger. Rather than working to try and avoid, it is most helpful to find healthy ways to cope with triggers so that you can fully experience life again. Participating in a recovery or treatment program can help with this, as you learn to handle and navigate challenging situations and potentially triggering experiences. Lifestyle Risks There are some things you can do to help yourself live the best life possible, even while you are still experiencing symptoms of PTSD. As you work in treatment with your healthcare professional, you can take certain steps to help assist your recovery and healing process. Things to Remember as You Heal Avoid drugs and alcoholGet enough sleepExerciseEat a balanced, nutritious dietLimit caffeineLimit screen timeDont isolate yourself Not following some of these tips can become a risk to your well-being and your overall recovery. The symptoms you are and have been experiencing can be overwhelming and debilitating. Eliminating or minimizing risks can help you find success in treatment and offer you a chance to experience a wonderful quality of life after going through a traumatic experience. Physical Health In addition to mental health problems, having PTSD seems to raise the risk of physical health problems, including pain, diabetes, obesity, heart problems, respiratory problems, and sexual dysfunction.?? It is not entirely clear as to why people with PTSD have more physical health problems. However, it may be due to the fact that the symptoms of PTSD result in the release of stress hormones  that may contribute to inflammation and eventual damage to your body.?? This would increase your risk for certain physical health problems, including heart disease. Having PTSD also appears to raise risks for unhealthy behaviors (for example, smoking, lack of exercise, and increased alcohol use) which may further increase the possibility of physical health problems.?? Getting Professional Help Learning healthy and effective coping skills can help you live a fuller life and manage some of the symptoms you are experiencing with PTSD. However, it is important to also seek help from a qualified professional who can help you move toward recovery and healing. The Best Online Therapy Programs There are a number of effective treatments for PTSD  and treating PTSD can lead to improvements in other areas of your life. For example, when people successfully treat their PTSD, they often find that other disorders go away as well (although their other conditions may require specific, targeted treatments). Unfortunately, only slightly more than a third of people with PTSD are in some kind of treatment. You can find a mental health provider for PTSD in several ways. Ask for recommendations from your family doctor, your health insurance provider, or those you have connected with who also have PTSD. If you are a veteran, all VA Medical Centers provide PTSD care. The military has programs for its members and their families. What to Know About PTSD in Children

Elizabeth I Dbq Essay - 719 Words

Francesca Ratovich 5.2.13 p.3 Elizabeth I DBQ Elizabeth I is considered a Machiavellian queen; she placed the political unity of England above any other aspect of her kingdom, including religion. Elizabeth I’s reign was influenced politically and religiously, in respect to ideas about gender. Elizabeth, daughter of Henry VIII, responded authoritatively to any opposition she faced. Considering the fact that a female successor to the throne of England was ascending, there was a tremendous amount of political influence on her reign. The Act of Supremacy (Doc. 3), declared by King Henry VII, assured that Elizabeth would be the rightful heir to the throne of England; this parliamentary act stated that Elizabeth is the most superior†¦show more content†¦Being that he is a Scottish religious reformer, he probably wants the throne of England occupied by a Stuart monarch, not a Tudor monarch. Likewise, Nicholas Heath (Doc. 2) objects to Elizabeth’s position as Head of the Church as well as the state. He clearly d emonstrates his disapproval of Elizabeth’s reign. In addition, the bishops of the Church of England express their views of women, which embody subjectivity to their husbands. Also, Edward Rishton (Doc. 7) is disgusted by the fact that the people recognize Elizabeth as more important that the religious ceremonies of the Roman Catholic Church. Rishton abhorred at the fact that Elizabeth is a Protestant. He suggest that a split in England will occur because of Elizabeth coming to power, and he wants to gather up as much opposition to her reign and restore the traditional Catholic practices. On the other hand, William Tooker (Doc. 9) praises Elizabeth and her ability to heal the ill with her â€Å"royal touch†. Since Tooker is Elizabeth’s personal chaplain, he may want to describe Elizabeth as this magnificent healer to win favor in her court. Elizabeth responded authoritatively to the differing opinions of her people. In Jacques Bochetel de La Forest’s repo rt on Elizabeth’s response (Doc. 6), Elizabeth makes her claim as a strong, and independent woman. She explains to the parliament that without her, no actions or measures can be taken, and she dismissed them angrily. Moreover, Elizabeth’s speech toShow MoreRelatedJust Whatever1974 Words   |  8 PagesA P European History Test Prep DBQ Free Response Questions For DBQ’s Always: 1. Provide an appropriate, explicitly stated thesis that directly addresses all parts of the question and does NOT simply restate the question. 2. Discuss a majority of the documents individually and specifically. 3. Demonstrate understanding of the basic meaning of a majority of the documents. 4. Support the thesis with appropriate interpretations of a majority of the documents. 5. Analyze point of view or bias in atRead MoreApush Dbq Technology, Government Policy, and Economic Conditions All Changed American Agriculture628 Words   |  3 PagesBriana Walker 2nd period DBQ In the period 1865-1900, technology, government policy, and economic conditions all changed American agriculture a great deal. New farming machinery had a large role in the late 19th century, giving farmers the opportunity to produce a lot more crops than they used to. The railroads had an enormous influence on agriculture. They were able to charge the farmers large fees, expenses that farmers barely had enough to cover, in order to transport their goods throughoutRead Moreâ€Å"Reform movements in the United States sought to expand democratic ideals†829 Words   |  4 PagesApus history DBQ The validity of the statement, â€Å"Reform movements in the United States sought to expand democratic ideals† can be assessed regarding many reformations in the time period of 1825-1850 including the American temperance movement, the women’s rights movement, and the abolitionist reform. All of which very much expanded core democratic ideology, such as equality, liberty for allRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials1202 Words   |  5 Pagesidea that was founded by the Puritans themselves, I think they would shun those who appeared unnatural or different to them. In their eyes, to be elected by God and stay away from the snare of the devil, they would constantly stay at work. Only resting for went they went to bed. So naturally, the Puritans came up with the concept that the Devil overcame the body of someone with weak will and transformed them into a witch. One fact of concern that I found to be interesting was that there was an abundanceRead MoreAnalysis Of Rosalyn Schanzer s Witches992 Words   |  4 Pagesnot least the Money. Let the aftermath begin. The deaths, 20 people died during the trials. but what about after? 5 people died in jail because of prison conditions. Sarah Osborne, Roger Toothaker, Ann Foster, and Lydia Dustin. (information from dbq.) â€Å" Parris’s niece Abigail stopped giving testimony against the accused witches by June 1692, long before the trials ended. Nobody knows why she disappeared from the hearings, but Abigail is the other accuser who may actually have been sick. She never

A Debate On Gods Revelation Of God - 1984 Words

â€Å"We must as Gods people stand against the compromise of reinterpreting Genesis to fit in evolution and millions of years, which undermines biblical authority.† Ultimately, what’s at stake in this debate is more than just a magic number of years. This debate’s significance centers on God’s revelation of Himself in Scripture and whether Scripture is relevant today or not. This issue has only become a debate in the last couple hundred years. Before the Enlightenment, people in Western cultures accepted the young earth view because the scriptural account of creation was interpreted literally. Now ideas crashing with other ideas, Hebrew words are being tossed and turned. Moreover with the continued cross-examining of Scripture and with the new discoveries made in science, Christian have begun to question whether or not the earth is young or old? The worst fall-out of the argument has been division in the body of Christ, were many brothers and sisters have held so tightly to their views causing disunity within the church. Many people now feel that they must choose between science and sola scriptura. Actually, the choice is not between science and Scripture. A young earth stance can be both science and Scripture and has more credibility than an old earth because of radioactive testing has proved to be unreliable and history has been in constant support of young earth until the past 200 years. This paper will displaying the two leading positions in the debate, and then support forShow MoreRelatedMain Theological Theme Of Revelation1544 Words   |  7 PagesTheme of the Book of Revelation Based on Revelation 20:1-15 The main theological theme of the Book of Revelation as shown in Rev. 20:1-15 is God’s final judgment and eternal defeat over sin and God’s enemies. Christian believer’s from John’s time to the 21st century can find hope in God’s faithfulness to bring about a new heaven and a new earth with everlasting peace. When reading and interpreting Revelation, it is important to understand the genre of the writing. â€Å"’Revelation’ or ‘apocalypse’ (Gk:Read MoreChristianity And The Nature Of God1420 Words   |  6 Pagesand the nature of God, one must have a foundation to rely upon. Both theology and our epistemological queries concerning God must be crafted from a source. Michael Bird in his Evangelical Theology notes that the prolegomena or things we say before saying anything about God must be predicated upon a critical source. This source is God’s Word and is revealed in multiple ways. If one is to conduct a Credo or apologetic stance of his Christian faith, this person ought to explain how God reveals GodselfRead MoreCanon Scripture And Canon Of Scripture1424 Words   |  6 Pagesabout Scripture, we have to discuss the source of our revelation. In fact, without an understanding and personal standpoint/beliefs on the canon of Scripture, one is not able to build a solid foundation in other matters regarding Scripture, including the authority of Scripture, the inerrancy, the clarity, the necessity, and the sufficiency. Often the canon of Scripture is a prevalent topic in the Christian faith among believers as there is a debate which books of the Holy Bible are considered to beRead MoreEssay about Homosexuality1071 Words   |  5 PagesHomosexuality My frustration with debate about homosexuality stems not so much from the arguments themselves, but the actual method of argument. Often, two â€Å"experts† will approach the topic from two radically different â€Å"expert† fields. One may be a New Testament scholar and thus draws out the intricacies of Romans 1:18-28 and the true meaning of the word â€Å"homosexual offender† (i.e. older man sleeping with a young boy) in that case. The other may be a biologist who appeals to natural logicRead MoreCalvin and Human Freedom1700 Words   |  7 PagesHistorically, theologians and philosophers have struggled to agree on the ideas of human freedom. This struggle seems to stem from the debate over faith vs. reason, or the internal and external sources that lead to human thought and understanding, through which free will is then interpreted and carried out by means of the will. A hidden and constant strive for spiritual enlightenment has always been embedded within h umans since the beginning of the Fall. Through this natural drive of pursuing spiritualRead MoreThe Five Principle Beliefs Of Christianity1642 Words   |  7 Pagesresurrection and ascension, the nature of God, revelations and salvation. The correlation between these beliefs ultimately shape Christianity itself and thus enhances the influence it has over the adherents. The divinity and humanity of Christ is evident through his suffering and sacrifice, in conjunction with his eloquent relationship with God. In the New Testament there are clear statements about both Jesus’ divinity and humanity, being that he is both God and man. There are references of him weepingRead More3. The Reformed Understanding Of Faith In Calvin: The Uniting1739 Words   |  7 Pagescenter of the theological debate in sixteenth century. With the more developed doctrine of justification, the understanding of faith in from the Reformers shifts its focus that The Reformed understanding of faith starting from Luther and Lutheran tradition is not a work by human beings but rather a response to the divine work, an accepting mental attitude. In Calvin, the emphasis is that faith is a gift which is a work by the Holy Spirit in human side. For Calvin, God’s work in us is mediated throughRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Of Science And Religion1585 Words   |  7 Pagessometime. During the debate on, Does Science Refutes God?, it is well seen that science can overthrow the credibility of God because science has a lot of relevant studies and conclusions, but it certainly does not refute God. It is clearly seen that shermer and Krauze won the debate because they had good information but D’Souza and Hutchison brought to the surface good information of how science does not refute god it coincides with God. In my opinion and based on the debate, I agree with D’SouzaRead MoreThe Relationship Between Philosophy And Theology143 3 Words   |  6 PagesRetracing the Arts to Theology. In this treatise Bonaventure argued (in quoting the book of James) that â€Å"all learning and knowledge depend on divine illumination from Sacred Scripture† and ultimately on God, whom Bonaventure quoted as the Father of lights (Cooper 211). He believed that divine illumination from God is manifested in various rays of knowledge, which are from four specific sources (212). According to Derek Cooper, the first source of Bonaventure is the external light of mechanical art, whichRead MoreThe Essence Of The Debate1712 Words   |  7 PagesThe Essence of the Debate Divine Election according to Calvin One of the most valuable key sources of information on the subject of divine election is John Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion. He began weaving doctrinal revelation and explanation together in 1536 and finished the text in 1559. The initial composed manuscript presented comprehensive perspectives aligning with the four points of the Apostle’s creed. As time passed, Calvin decided to instruct readers in the rudiments of Christianity

Wages Protection Act for Economic Geography- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWages Protection Act for Economic Geography. Answer: The Wages Protection Act 1983 which has been formulated on 1983 actually came into effect on 1 February 1984 (Simmons Stringer, 2014). The Act was formulated with an intention to provide appropriate protection to the employees in relation to their wages. Therefore, it is noteworthy to mention here that from the very beginning the Wages Protection Act 1983 has prohibited deduction of any kind from wages of an employee. It is worth noting that the Wages Protection Act 1983 has been developed in order to set out the provisions regarding the payment of wages. The Wages Protection Act 1983 has been constructed in order to cover certain areas which govern the wages of employees including the payment of bonus, overtime and other special payments. In other words, it can be stated that the Wages Protection Act 1983 has been enacted in New Zealand for the purpose of addressing the earnings of employees in relation to their employment. The Act from the very beginning has been addressing issues related to employees deductions from wages. The Act has been articulated for the purpose of recovering overpayments on the part of the employers in certain cases. The Act also addresses to the payments in cases where an employee is absent so that the employees could effectively recover the wages (Stringer et al., 2014). In this regard, it is worth mentioning that the Act has been formulated so that the employers could not control the way the expenditure of the employees. References: Simmons, G., Stringer, C. (2014). New Zealand? s fisheries management system: Forced labour an ignored or overlooked dimension?.Marine Policy,50, 74-80. Stringer, C., Simmons, G., Coulston, D., Whittaker, D. H. (2014). Not in New Zealands waters, surely? Linking labour issues to GPNs.Journal of Economic Geography,14(4), 739-758.

The Management of a Community Organization

Introduction Over the last several years, there has been concern on how community organizations are run. While some people have called for better and efficient, other people have still been going for autocratic decision making type of leadership. An efficient management system should have a room for everyone where every stakeholder feels that he or she is involved in the management while autocratic leadership is usually a one man’s show.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Management of a Community Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In case of a community organization, it is important to understand the importance of managing the organization efficiently as everybody in the community looks upon you. The leadership of the organization is thereby very important as most of the times it is the sole determiner on the performance of the organization.   For the leadership to be successful, manage ment needs to balance on how power, governance and accountability are portrayed in the community organization. If the management is able to achieve a balance between how these three are managed, the community organization can run to success very easily (Zadek 2006). It is in that line that this paper will discuss on how the management of a community organization can apply power, governance and accountability leading to the success of the organization. Community Organization Community organization is defined as the planned process through which a community is encouraged to use the resources existing within its vicinity or at their disposal to enhance their lives or in order to achieve some of the goals and objectives it might be in need of (Hardina 2002). Community organizations thus engage in activities such as health issues and social problems. Most of the times, community organizations are ran by community representatives and they are usually supposed to manage the organization in line with the desires of the community. Community organizations are seen as one of the ways through which the community can be empowered, become knowledgeable about some issues and join hands towards achieving development. The community organization which we shall analyze in this discussion is the River Hudson Management Community Organization (RHMCO shall be used to refer to this community organization from here henceforth). This community organization runs across several states in the United States of America. The group was established fifteen years ago and it addresses environmental problems related to the rapidly accelerating case of water pollution in River Hudson. The community seeks to encourage the reduction of pollution of the water through sensitization campaigns, cleaning or dredging processes as well as pushing the Federal Authorities towards making and legislating laws which seek to punish those who pollute River Hudson either through penalties or by introducing new tax es.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To succeed in its activities, the community organization has been receiving funding from the government through the social services department, private donors and also from the world body concerned with environment, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). These funds together with what the community contributes has in the past been used to support the activities of the group, either by buying the equipments needed for dredging the river or for any of the stakeholders who can be sent to conferences or meetings which the community organization has got some interest in. The money is also used in running the basic organization requirements such as paying for the offices which are located in New York City and also for compensating the sectoral committee who are permanently employed by the organization to run its activities. Governan ce within the organization Governance is the process through which the involved stakeholders are able to share their interests or their wishes to the leadership. After sharing their ideas, their input is then absorbed and finally implemented as desired. The decision makers are usually accountable for all activities which take place within the organization (World Bank 1994). An organization with good governance can be described as an open and enlightened policy making institution where bureaucracy is minimal and the leadership works towards the achievement of the community goals. On the other hand, poor governance can be described as a form of leadership where policies and decisions are made arbitrary without considering the wishes and the desires of all the involved stakeholders. RHMCO like any other organization operates in a complex environment which requires several coordination mechanisms for it to succeed. The co-ordinations are required to get the resources on board, get fundi ng on time and ensure that none of the activities stall. In case of funding, the money got is used as compensation benefits in exchange for the goods and services. The governance of RHMCO ranges from the political, organization to the administrative processes through which all the involved stakeholders are able to forward their views in the development and management of the river Hudson.  The governance of RHMCO takes route from the environmental instruments which specifically focus on how the water from River Hudson can be conserved or used efficiently.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Management of a Community Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organization is governed by a sectoral committee which is composed of representatives from the states where the river passes through. Besides the representatives, there are also officials from the forestry and environment departments whom their main roles are to oversee and ensure the activities of the organization are in line with what is required under the established laws. The government also has some representatives in the governance of the organization. There are also work groups that are drawn from the partner states specializing in the relevant sectors which organization deals with. Each of the organization department has got its heads and subordinate staff. The decision making within the organization is carried out collaboratively through the sectoral committee but the decisions must be approved by majority of the stakeholders. Other than the major decisions which may involve huge use of the organizations money, for example let’s say in running a sensitization campaign to all those parties which use river Hudson, the sectoral committee is served with the role of organizing for such meetings and budgets for everything. The stakeholders are only left with the option of approving or not approving the idea. Most of the times, since the sectoral committee takes time into considering the problems facing the community or what needs to be done in the interests of most of the stakeholders, it is very unlikely for the stakeholders to disapprove the decisions or the propositions of the sectoral committee. The company structure of governance is simple where every department is charged with the activities which suit it.  The organization has a Board of Directors which is made up of o are mainly the donors who fund the community organization in their activities and a representative from the government to ensure everything is taking place as planned. The role of the board of directors is to oversee the organization activities and also ensure that the funds they give out to the organization are used efficiently and in a transparent manner. They can also allow or refuse to authenticate the withdrawal of money depending on the activity which the organization wants to conduct Stakeholders’ power To involve the right people in any activity, it is always important to choose the stakeholders carefully. Stakeholders are persons, groups or even communities which are likely to be affected by the activities of the organization. They can be affected either negatively or positively.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In case of RHCMO, the stakeholders include the communities living around River Hudson, the forest department who were charged with ensuring that the trees planted around River Hudson were taken good care off during any of the activities on the river, the federal authorities in their role to protect the people of its States from cases of pollution and the government in ensuring that its citizens live in a clean environment. Those who also pollute the river, though most of the times are not considered as stakeholders also form part of the stakeholders’ team as their activities are the main cause why the community organization has been formed. Each stakeholder has different powers depending on the interest and the role one plays in the success of the organization (Lawrence Weber 2008). Stakeholder power levels are usually divided into four groups and these all four groups are evident in our case as we shall see.  The first group of stakeholder is those who exert high influence and high interest in the organization’s activities. This type of stakeholders is usually the people who show much interest over the performance of the organization. It is always important to understand their view points as the success of the organization primarily depends on them. In case of RHMCO, the stakeholders who yielded much power were the community since as one of the provider of the required funds and the main driver of the organization activities; their views could never be overlooked. The community derives much power both from the money it contributes towards the organization activities and the fact that they have to be involved in the decision making process since these activities affect them directly.  The second level of stakeholder power is the low influence, high interest stakeholders. In this type of stakeholders, the stakeholders usually have high interest in the activities of the organization but they cannot influence how the activities are carried. Exam ples of stakeholders exhibiting this characteristic in case of our organization are the officers from the forest and environment department. They provide the organization with necessary help with the authorities whenever they need to perform any activity. They ensure that the organization activities are in line with sustainable development following all government regulations. They know how to deal with any type of difficulties which may arise. Their work is to foresee the likely impacts of the organization activities and to those which have negative impact, what need to be rectified. The last group of stakeholders in case of our organization is those stakeholders who have high influence but low interest. This group of stakeholders is made up by the donors whom although they have little interest in the activities of the organization, the funds they provide plays a very great role in how the organization performs. They are also greatly involved in authorizing the activities of the co mmunity group (Thiry 2010). The Board of management and its role Every organization comprises of a variety of stakeholders, including a board of committee. The board of management is a group of individuals who are charged with the responsibility of overseeing the completeness in every strategies implementation (Druker 2007). In our case, they are charged with overseeing how the funds available are allocated for use and how they are used. The board also formalizes the decisions which are made by the sectoral committee by either refusing or giving them the go ahead to allowing them to withdraw the funds from the bank and use it for the planned activities (as long as the activities are likely to contribute in making River Hudson better). The board of management also sets reviews and evaluates the present and the future opportunities analyzing both the risks and weaknesses of certain ideas which the organization can use in future to further its goals. Leadership and decision making in t he community organization Leadership success requires the formalization of appropriate models as well as following the right decisions (Graen 2004). A deep insight into the leadership of RHMCO shows that although the organization is run by the sectoral committee while the board of directors oversees its activities, it is a collective form of a leadership. The views of each and every stakeholder are taken into thought and considered carefully so as to ensure the activities of the projects are successful. The sectoral committee is charged with the role of coming up with the ideas and planning of activities which should take place during a stipulated time. They do this by discussing with all the stakeholders especially the community who are the drivers of these activities. The stakeholders are allowed to discuss their views openly. The sectoral committee then takes into consideration all the views and among the ones proposed, depending on the available resources and the importance, the y choose the one that optimizes the goals and the objectives of the organization better. After the activity is chosen, the sectoral committee budgets for the activities which will be conducted and after the budget is prepared, the board of directors scrutinizes the budget and if it seems good to them, withdrawals of funds to run the activities is the allowed. However, if the board feels that the budget has been inflated, it can send the sectoral committee back to prepare a leaner one. In this organization, each and every stakeholder collectively participates in the leadership and the decision making processes of the organization. Accountability within the organization Accountability is one of the key internal organizational values, which has to be evaluated in an environmental, scanning each and every process in regard to organizational continuity as well as its success (Anheier 2005). Every organizational leader or employee at any capacity should cloth himself with the accountabili ty virtue, which is a key driver to organizational success. Accountability is the ability of a person being in a position to stand in a particular phenomenon, of which he is answerable at any time when require (Shah 2007).  In the case of RHMCO, the organization is run in a transparent and accountable manner where there is no single department or person who can be said to dominate the other since the decisions are made collectively. This is evident when you consider the fact that the sectoral committee has discuss with the community before making a decision on which activity has to be taken. The process involves all the stakeholders in which their final word is important before the decision can be made. After the decision is made, the sectoral committee then prepares the budget. To avoid the chances of the sectoral committee embezzling the funds or misappropriating it in any way, the budget has to pass through the hands of the board of directors who have to scrutinize the budget f urther. It is only after they are satisfied that the budget is real and not overestimated is the withdrawal of funds then allowed to necessitate the beginning and the conducting of activities. To ensure accountability and transparency is maintained, within all the company activities, the organization has a constitution in which every stakeholder roles and responsibilities to each player within the organization. Any person who does not follow the stipulated guidelines either ceases from being a member of the group or is penalized. If the case involved embezzling of money, the individual can either pay back voluntarily or be taken to a court of law to face the charges. The major problem right with the organization’s governance and how to fix it The major problem with the governance of this organization is its overreliance on the board of directors to make crucial decisions on what activity should be funded or what activity should not be funded. This is a problem to the communit y who formed this organization since they can plan for activities in which they think will be able to do successfully within a certain period and after all planning and investing of time in the project, the board of directors can decide the activity is not worth the money. This problem can be fixed by ensuring that some of the community representatives are also members of the board of directors due to the fact that although the community contributes less money when compared to the other donors, they are the sole reason why the organization exists. Their goals, objectives and activities form the basis of the organization. The representative in the board of directors would play a great role by informing the other members of the board of what the company intends to do, collecting their views and then giving feedback to the community. Reference list Anheier, K. 2005, Nonprofit organizations: theory, management, policy. Routledge, New York. Druker, P. 2007, The Practice of Management. 2n d Edition. Butterworth-Heinemann, New York. Graen, G. 2004, New frontiers of leadership. New York. Hardina, D. 2002, Analytical skills for community organization practice. Columbia University Press. New York. Lawrence, A., Weber, J. 2008, Business and society: stakeholders, ethics, public policy. 12th Edition. University of California. Shah, A. 2007, Performance accountability and combating corruption. World Bank Publications. Washington D.C. Thiry, M. 2010, Project management. Gower Publishing, Ltd. Farnham, England. World Bank: 1994, Governance: The World Bank’s experience. World Bank Publications. Washington D.C. Zadek, S. 2006, â€Å"Governing collaborative governance: Enhancing development outcomes by enhancing partnership governance and accountability. Web. This assessment on The Management of a Community Organization was written and submitted by user Kayson Johnson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Rhetorical Theory Essay Example

Rhetorical Theory Essay Example Rhetorical Theory Essay Rhetorical Theory Essay Fantasy Theme Criticism Fantasy Theme Criticism: Symbolic Convergence Theory â€Å"Love The Way You Lie† COMM 311 Introduction Hip-hop and rap as a whole tend to be lumped together as bad for society, or the dragging down of American culture. The debate on the influence of music effecting the actions of America’s youth has remained salient for decades. The upcoming genre of ‘Rap’ or ‘Hip-Hop’ in recent years has sparked controversy because of the references to violence and sex portrayed in many song lyrics. Not only has the issues of drugs and crime been associated with hip hop, but the diminishing perception of women in our society has also been attributed to hip hop. It seems that rap is an easy scapegoat for the American population to ‘point the finger at. ’ Why is Hip-Hop important? No music is more important than the next. As soon as a genre starts portraying itself as something other than the simple concept of musical notes vibrating off the eardrums of listeners, it loses its focus and main purpose – to entertain. Political messages and social responsibility measures have always been visible in musical lyrics, examples such as R. E. M. and U2 as well as countless other bands have done it for years. Hip-Hop has become big business and anything that is marketable affects society one way or another. Hip-Hop also affects society on many different levels and it is inclusive of all people. The media attention that Hip-Hop gets gives meaning to the fact that people are able to see a side of a particular Hip-Hop artist and then the artist is then displayed as a more human element. Younger generations must understand the biases and politics involved with the generalizations of Hip-Hop. The music we listen to and the videos we watch are just like reading a fashion magazine. A perfect example is if we see beautiful women in certain clothes then we may want those clothes. When someone sees a Hip-Hop artist or rapper on televisions that is clearly successful, actions may be taken to duplicate behavior portrayed by that artist, in turn hoping to emulate success similar to that artist. Why is the Eminem song featuring Rihanna important? Eminem is one of a kind! He is the only white rapper to emerge and remain successful while opening the ears of a different audience- young Caucasian males. Barriers are broken down when people from different backgrounds can share common interest at shows and on the internet and Eminem has done an exceptional job at doing so. Eminem was ranked 79th on the VH1 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time. He was also ranked 82nd on Rolling Stone magazines list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. He was named the Best Rapper Alive by Vibe magazine in 2008. Eminem has achieved nine No. 1 albums on the Billboard Top 200. Eminem also has had 13 number one singles worldwide. In December 2009, Eminem was even named the Artist of the Decade by Billboard magazine. Are these credentials not enough for you? Let’s take a look at Rihanna she has achieved eight number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 since first appearing on the chart on June 11, 2005. As of July 23, 2010, Rihanna has sold approximately 5,563,000 album units in the US alone. She has received several accolades, including the 2007 World Music Awards for Worlds Best-Selling Pop Female Artist and Female Entertainer of the Year, as well as the 2008 American Music Awards for Favorite Soul/RB Female Artist and Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist. She serves as one of Barbadoss honorary cultural ambassadors. In January 2010, Rihanna received two Grammy Awards for Jay-Zs 2009 single Run This Town. † These two celebrities are huge public figures! As for Rihanna, she appeals to a different demographic, the young African American female. With the combination of these two audiences, they amass to a huge portion of the American youth. Influencing the youth of American is monumental to the outcome of the Country as a whole. The youth of America is the backbone of our Nation. In theory, the influence we have on our youth can be set as a precursor for generations to come. The decisions made by the youth in any country will ultimately unravel actions and future ideas yet to come. For my analysis, I will examine possible subliminal messages and interpretations of Eminem and Rihanna’s song, â€Å"Love the Way You Lie,† specifically directed to the youth of America. I will show how this song is not solely comprised of vocals, lyrics and a music video, but a rhetorical action. The rhetoric involved perpetuates the desired symbolism and themes to reconstruct public opinion influencing the youth of America. By analyzing the lyrics and music video, I will reveal the connection between the subliminal messages and possible interpretations present in the artifact and their influence on the youth of America. Description of the Artifact The artifact I have chosen to depict is Eminem and Rihanna’s â€Å"Love the Way You Lie. † This is a very popular song racking up 338,000 downloads online in its first week. The music video of the song became an online phenomenon, gaining 6. 6 million hits in its first 24 hours on VEVO, and 18 million views in five days. It broke a YouTube record for having the most views in 24 hours. By November 2010, the video had received over 200 million views. Eminem and Rihanna’s song â€Å"Love the Way You Lie† depict the relationship of a troubled young couple. This video produced by Joseph Kahn portrays the ups and downs that some couples must endure to make their relationship work. Dominic Monaghan and Megan Fox portray the relationship of a young couple in the song’s music video. The music video starts with the young couple sleeping together in bed. From that point on, Megan Fox notices a phone number on her significant others hand. The idea that she is being taken advantage of enters her mind. That notion sparks controversy and the couple begins to fight. The scene becomes heated and even reaches the point where the couple physical assault and spit in the faces of one another. Both parties in the couple become easily agitated with one another as they continue to assault and randomly hook up and make out. Both the Dominic Monaghan and Megan Fox are seen alone pondering as if they are deciding what to do or what will become of their relationship. Megan Fox expresses her emotions by crying to herself, on the other hand Dominic Monaghan is seen drinking in the bar to vent the way he feels in regards to his current situation. Things take a more optimistic stance as the couple tries to rekindle lost trusts. Dominic Monaghan is seen giving Megan Fox a stuffed animal that represents his love for her and shows that he continues to care about her. Dominic Monaghan blatantly steals a bottle of vodka from a liquor store. They are seen getting along on top of a building as they consume vodka together. Alcohol is helping the couple temporary fix their irritations of each other, yet they have much bigger problems. Dominic Monaghan is seen taking his aggression out in the bar as he physically attacks other bystander attempting to communicate with Megan Fox. The couple is then seen gazing into each other’s eyes, smiling but unsure of what to do. Megan Fox is then seen walking out of the house resembling her leaving Dominic Monaghan. As the video continues Dominic Monaghan is seen physically assaulting Megan Fox yet again. The house is set in flames in the backdrop; this resembles the previous chaos and end of their relationship. Fire burns everything, bringing nothing but physical ruin. On the other hand, with the end of one good thing starts the beginning of another. In theory the fire could possibly represent a complex symbol for warmth and comfort. In fact it could resemble new life. The stuffed animal that Dominic Monaghan gave Megan Fox is even seen set aflame as the couple goes their separate ways. The video ends with the couple lying in bed in the same exact spot where the video started, as if the whole thing were a dream. The context of the artifact is located within social arrangements. This popular song and music video is a form of entertainment. The song is used to target a specific social niche in order to generate revenue and become a success within its boundaries. If this song did not appeal to any social networks then it would not serve its purpose of selling CDs to generate revenue and publicize the artists. The fact that two celebrities (Eminem Rihanna) have collaborated together helps them reach out to publicize themselves as well as combine their social networks together. The artifact is not used within political means or economic arrangements. This is a great artifact to analyze because symbolic convergence is blatantly evident and people can easily share similar fantasy themes that create rhetorical visions. â€Å"Love The Way You Lie† constitutes evidence of symbolic convergence theory because it incorporates themes the rhetor knows will resonate with the audience. Another reason why this is a great artifact to evaluate is because of the popularity and controversy of this song. Millions of people hear this song each and every day and have not even thought about evaluating it in terms of rhetorical theories and criticisms. Theoretical and Methodological Framework Fantasy theme analysis is based upon the theory of symbolic convergence, which has two major assumptions: (1) reality is created through communication and (2) individual interpretations of symbols can converge and create a shared reality for those involved (Foss, 2009). This happens in a social context in which individual worlds and interpretations converge, resulting in a shared reality for those involved. Sonja K. Foss (1996) in her textbook, Rhetorical Criticism: Exploration and Practice, quotes Bormann as stating: â€Å"If several or many people develop portions of their private symbolic worlds that overlap as a result of symbolic convergence, they share a common consciousness and have the basis for communicating with one another to create community, to discuss their common experiences, and to achieve mutual understanding. Symbolic convergence occurs when individuals have jointly experienced mutual interpretations with similar emotional responses. † Although the message in these encounters is important, the act of sharing the message is the critical issue in these incidents. The basic unit of analysis of symbolic convergence is the fantasy theme. The fantasy is defined as a creative and imaginative interpretation of an event that makes it credible or believable to the participant, or rather the means through which interpretation is accomplished in communication. Bormann (1972) states in his article Fantasy and Rhetorical Vision: The Rhetorical Criticism of Social Reality that participants in a fantasy theme are interested in the personal satisfaction found and are not troubled by contradictory details or evidence that might exist within the communication. As the participants participate in the story, similar emotions and interpretations will be present among the members of the group. The fantasy theme then becomes the groups experience and results in a shared reality for the participants (Griffin 1997). There are three types of fantasy themes included in Bormanns theory: (1) setting themes, which name the scene of an action, (2) character themes which describe agents or actors in the drama, assign motives to them and portray them as having certain characteristics, and (3) action themes which are the plot lines in which the characters engage. (Foss, 1996) The next level in analysis is observing fantasy types within a community. A fantasy type is a repeated fantasy theme that includes similar scenes, characters, and plots that are shared by the members of a community. Griffin (1997) observes that most fantasies do not chain out but rather fall on deaf ears, but that chaining out occurs when people catch on to a fantasy theme and then continue to spread the theme which then feeds into the overall rhetorical vision or a unified putting together of various shared fantasies. When a fantasy type is developed the rhetors involved are able to give a general story and the audience is able to fill in the details of the entire scenario. Included in the rhetorical vision of a community one will find fantasy themes which share the values, practices, heroes, and villains within the rhetorical group. Actions that make little sense to someone outside the rhetorical vision make perfect sense within the context of the group involved (Griffin 1997). Fantasy theme method suggests that the individual and collective dramatizations of a groups goals, scope, and activitiesthe groups conceptualized reality, or fantasy themecan be used to study social movements. Based on the notion of fantasizing in small groups, this analytic approach provides a method of discovering how communication creates social realities for groups of people (Foss, 1997). Fantasy theme analysis, as Bormann (1972) structured it, provides unique insight into the mentality and worldview of social groups. Foss (2004) summarizes the theory of symbolic convergence as a reference to the way narratives invite audiences to identify with the characters by using commonly established themes that the audience will immediately respond to as a cue to aid understanding. Bormann designed this method to help explain how common symbols and values are developed through group communication. Methodological Framework Fantasy theme criticism consists of four steps: 1. Select an artifact 2. Analyzing the artifact . Formulating a research question 4. Writing the essay Analyzing the artifact consists of two steps: 1. Coding the artifact for setting, characters, and action themes 2. Constructing the rhetorical visions from the fantasy theme a. Theme- Patterns b. Major and Minor- Frequency and Intensity Coding consists of settings, characters, actions, and character theme codes. I will analyze the three main fantasy themes used in the song: violence, drugs/alcohol and deception. These three powerful pieces of the song all show different ways that American’s youth can be influenced purely through a rhetorical framing of issues. At one point or another, these themes will have to be dealt with in the life process of today’s youth. Analyzing how these themes function within the song will illustrate certain subliminal messages and influential factors that affect America’s youth. I will follow three of Bormann’s steps to complete my analysis. During fantasy theme analysis I must look for patterns within the song- based on frequency and intensity. Symbolic convergence frames the theory that communication creates reality. As for reality, it is not only created for individuals but also groups; sharing that sense of reality. The first step is to situate the song within the network of America’s youth. The second step is to examine the song for evidence of symbolic convergence and the fantasy themes used to perpetuate the subliminal messages and possible interpretations that remain transparent. The final step is to present the rhetorical vision America’s youth can create and be influenced by. These steps will complete my analysis of Eminem and Rihanna’s â€Å"Love The Way You Lie† in order to further understand how America’s youth is being influenced by hip hop culture in today’s society. Analysis Descriptive Analysis Descriptive analyses involve direct observation of behavior and environmental events in naturalistic contexts. Research in descriptive analysis has focused on a variety of areas including descriptions of naturalistic observations of behavior and environmental events, integration of descriptive and functional analyses, comparisons of outcomes from descriptive and functional analysis, and quantitative analyses of behavior and environmental events (Sloman 2010). Using Campbell’s seven elements of rhetorical action I will delve into the descriptive analysis. The purpose, or central idea of â€Å"Love The Way You Lie† is to relate to potential listeners in an attempt to sell CDs and promote their music. One of the main goals of the song is to relate to listeners so the listeners will in turn admire the artist and become a fan of his/her music. Eminem wants us to believe that creating violence in his song and music video is acceptable and/or ‘cool. ’ One lyric that represents this statement reads: â€Å"†¦ it’s a steel knife in my wind pipe I can’t breathe but I still fight while I can fight. The target audiences that Eminem and Rihanna are reaching out to are limited to none. Anyone that can listen and enjoy music is a target audience. On the other hand, those affected by the vulgar lyrics are none other than America’s youth! One aspect of growing up is finding out who you really are and what you like to do. At the ages of 13-18 I feel like you are more prone to adopt values and ideas that yo u see in the everyday media. Prospective audience members or listeners are asked to adopt these violent actions into their lifestyles. Eminem is personified in the song as a dead beat cheating boyfriend that has nothing going for him. Why would anyone want to adopt that persona? The tone of the song is depressing. The lyrics are dramatic and loaded with violent verbiage and deceitful actions. Eminem’s attitude towards the audience is somewhat as a peer and a superior. Eminem is viewed as a peer because he is trying to relate his music to the audience without turning them off or leaving anyone out. At the same thing, Eminem is seen as authoritative because he hints to the audience that what he saying he has already done before. An example of Eminem’s authoritative behavior in his lyrics would be: â€Å"I can’t tell you what it really is, I can only tell you what it feels like† in this he is already stating that he has performed these actions. The structure of the song dwells on relationships people have with one another. Eminem gains attention by introducing his perspective and by the use of vivid figurative analogies. Eminem tries to create a shared reality with the audience by use of similar past relationships. If one person has had a rough relationship in the past, they will automatically become more susceptible to liking the song and its ontents. The song is also chronologically structured, starting with the young couple in the bed, and develops as they fight over time. Eminem himself is supporting materials for the themes he portrays in his song. He is notorious for his rough divorce with ex-wife Kimberly Mathers. Rihanna is also known for her tragic experience with abusive boyfrie nd Chris Brown. Strategies used to capture listeners include a catchy chorus as well as clever bold lyrics. Eminem alludes to a previously dramatic relationship when he states: â€Å"I’m superman with the wind at his back, she’s Lois Lane. This strategy is set up so that anyone who previously watched superman can easily create a shared reality and relate to the song. Critical Analysis In following three of Bormann’s steps to complete my analysis, many patterns of drugs/alcohol, violence and deception are drawn throughout the song. Symbolic convergence frames the theory that communication creates reality. The reality Eminem creates through his lyrics and seen in the music video is a perception for America’s youth to view. One filled with alcohol abuse, drugs, violence and lies. The song is already situated within the media network of America’s youth. Subliminal messages perpetuated here include those of alcohol abuse, lies and deceit and acts of violence been seen as acceptable. My rhetorical vision states that people do not need to lie, consume drugs or alcohol or be violent towards one another in order to be successful. Eminem Rihanna’s â€Å"Love the Way You Lie† contains three fantasy themes that are significant to the overall rhetoric to this song. The three themes are categorized as drugs/alcohol, violence and deception. As I immersed myself and scored through the lyrics of the song, some of the single worded (action themes) that helped me select these fantasy themes include: burn, cry, lie, fight, high, drunk, huffin’ paint, suffer, suffocate, hate, running, insane, laid hands, stoop, barley breathe, hit em, sick, spit em, throw em down, rage, separate ways, broken records, leave, fall back, temper, blinded, crazy, pissed, fist, apologize, liar and set this house on fire. As for the music video, certain actions took place to help me narrow down my fantasy themes. These actions include: fighting, spitting in face, walking out, punch, drinking alcohol, stealing, yelling, shaking, hitting and burning. Setting themes include the house in the music video, the liquor store and the bar. Characters involved are Dominic Monaghan and Megan Fox’s character as well as Rihanna and Eminem referencing â€Å"I† and â€Å"You† throughout the lyrics. Violence In terms of violence, the vulgarity of the lyrics emulate to America’s youth that those specific actions and words are acceptable. It is not necessary for 13 year old children to hear lyrics like â€Å"I’m a tie her to the bed and set this house on fire. I feel that having a strong family background is crucial for children in terms of being raised more level headed but statements like that are just unnecessary. The intensity of the violence in the music video is harsh. At one point in the video Megan Fox spits in Dominic Monaghan’s face. Again, this is not accept able behavior and should not be exemplified. Professional athletes are fined thousands of dollars for spitting in an opponent’s face but this music video makes it seem like it’s a regular occurrence. The frequencies of violent words in the lyrics are very high as well as intense. There are multiple clips in the music video where the couple physically assaults one another. The more America’s youth sees this behavior as acceptable, the more likely it will be duplicated. Drugs Alcohol Eminem’s reference to drugs and alcohol is salient in the lyrics as well as the music video. In the music video Dominic Monaghan goes as far as to steal a bottle of liquor from the store; shortly after he is seen rekindling his relationship with Megan Fox. This chain of events makes it seem like alcohol is the remedy for life’s problems. I only wish this was true! Fortunately I’ve reached an age where I can decipher good and bad choices when a problem arises, as for 14 year olds, not so much. The music video is creating a reality in America’s youth that depicts the consumption and abuse of alcohol as acceptable. Recent test results support the predictions that the relationship between media exposure and alcohol use was mediated by peer norms and positive expectancies and that the relationship was partially moderated by language preference (Jeong Hecht, 2010). Other references in Eminem’s lyrics relate to inhaling household products which is terrible for the overall health human body. The lyrics read â€Å"High off her love, drunk from my hate, it’s like I’m huffin’ paint. † Deception The song references to lying nine times before coming to an end. With the song being approximately 4 minutes and 30 seconds long, that means on average they are referencing to lying every 30 seconds. That’s a lot of lying! The devious behavior Dominic Monaghan’s character partakes in by having a random phone number written on his hand should not be idealized on how to act in any relationship. This behavior may cause insecurities to arise in young women about their own boyfriends. The fact that Dominic Monaghan was out hitting on girls makes other women question if their significant other is doing the same exact thing. Not only does it make women appear unsecure about their relationship, but makes males seem like a distrustful partner. People should not strive for these feelings or negative attributes but they are being casted on upon the youth of America. Implications, Discussion, and Limitations Young adulthood is a very important time in someone’s life. Decisions are made that can benefit or destroy the rest of that person’s life. Why would we want the backbone of America to be exposed to violence, drugs and alcohol? I don’t know. As many others have said in the past, communication creates reality. This Eminem and Rihanna song communicates a fictional reality to the youth of America. It baffles me that a child could simply turn on the television and be exposed to the violence portrayed in this video. One limitation I encountered was that I only had 13 weeks to research the song, fantasy theme criticism, symbolic convergence theory and write the paper. The fact that I only had 13 weeks to write the paper gave me limited access to information on the topic. Another limitation I encountered was the use of only one rhetorical methodology. I understand that there is a part II of the song and would like to have the time to research that as well. I believe Fantasy theme is a great method for researching this song. On the overhand if I were to do it over again I would probably choose narrative criticism. There are serious social implications that may come about due to the content of this song. Implications for shoplifting, underage drinking and drug use are bound by imprisonment in the United States. I for sure wouldn’t want my child to be viewing this video on television. For future esearch I would recommend narrative or fantasy criticism and would definitely include part II of the song. As for the larger issue I’m concerned, it’s the wellbeing of the United States of America. References Bormann, E. (1972). Fantasy and rhetorical vision: The rhetorical criticism of social reality. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 58, 396-407. Retrieved April 3, 2010, from Academic Search Premier database. Foss, S. (2004). Rhetorical criticism: Exploration and practice (3rd ed). Waveland press, Long Grove. Littlejohn, S. W. (2002). Symbolic convergence theory. In Cavanaugh, D. (Ed. ) Theories of Human Communication (pp. 57-159). New Mexico: Wadsworth Group. Pineda, R. , Sowards, S. (2007). Flag waving as rhetorical argument: 2006 immigration demonstrations and cultural citizenship. Argumentation Advocacy, 43(3/4), 164-174. Retrieved April 1, 2010, from Communication Mass Media Complete database. Bormann, Ernest G. (1972). Fantasy and Rhetorical Vision: The Rhetorical Criticism of Social Reality. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 58, 396-407. Foss, S. K. (1996). Rhetorical Criticism: Exploration Practice. (2nd ed. ). Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland. Griffin, EM (1997). A First Loo k at Communication Theory. (3rd ed. ). NY: McGraw-Hill.

Writing Effective School Policy and Procedures

Writing Effective School Policy and Procedures Writing policy and procedures for schools is a part of an administrators job. School policies and procedures are essentially the governing documents by which your school district and school buildings are operated. It is essential that your policies and procedures be current and up-to-date. These should be reviewed and revised as necessary, and new policies and procedures should be written as needed. The following guidelines are tips and suggestions to consider when you are evaluating old policy and procedures or writing new ones. Why Is the Evaluation of School Policies and Procedures Important? Every school has a student handbook, support staff handbook, and certified staff handbook which are loaded with policies and procedures. These are vital pieces of each school because they govern the day-to-day occurrences that happen in your buildings. They are valuable because they offer the guidelines for how the administration and school board believe their school should be run. These policies come into play every single day. They are a set of expectations that all constituents within the school are held accountable by. How Do You Write Targeted Policy? Policies and procedures typically are written with a specific target audience in mind, This includes students, teachers, administrators, support staff, and even parents. Policies and procedures should be written so that the target audience understands what is being asked or directed of them.  For example, a policy written for a middle school student handbook should be written at a middle school grade level and with terminology that the average middle school student will understand. What Makes a Policy Clear? A quality policy is both informative and direct meaning that the information is not ambiguous, and it is always straight to the point. It is also clear and concise. A well-written policy will not create confusion. A good policy is also up-to-date. For example, policies dealing with technology probably need frequently updated  due to the rapid evolution of the technology industry itself. A clear policy is easy to understand. The readers of the policy should not only understand the meaning of the policy but understand the tone and the underlying reason the policy was written. When Do You Add New Policies or Revise Old Ones? Policies should be written and/or revised as needed. Student handbooks and such should be reviewed on a yearly basis. Administrators should be encouraged to keep documentation of all policies and procedures that they feel need to be added or revised as the school year moves along. There are times to put a piece of new or revised policy in effect immediately within a school year, but the majority of the time, the new or revised policy should go into effect the following school year. What Are Good Procedures for Adding or Revising Policies? The majority of policy should go through several channels before it is included within your proper district’s policy book. The first thing that has to happen is that a rough draft of the policy has to be written. This is usually done by a principal or other school administrator. Once the administrator is happy with the policy, then it is an excellent idea to form a review committee made up of the administrator, teachers, students, and parents. During the review committee, the administrator explains the policy and its purpose, the committee discusses the policy, makes any recommendations for revision, and decides whether it should be submitted to the superintendent for review. The superintendent then reviews the policy and may seek legal counsel to make sure the policy is legally viable. The superintendent may kick the policy back down to the review committee to make changes, may kick out the policy completely, or may send it on to the school board for them to review. The school board can vote to reject the policy, accept the policy, or may ask that a part be revised within the policy before they accept it. Once it is approved by the school board, then it becomes official school policy and is added to the appropriate district handbook.

SOCIOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

SOCIOLOGY - Essay Example A great deal of research work has shown that violence has deep and long lasting effects (Johnson, 2008). Psychologists admit the fact that children pass 13 hours in a week (boys) and 5 hours (girls) in playing video games. Dr. Anderson and his co-workers demonstrated that violent video games develop the feelings of hostility (Anderson et al, 2003). Theorist’s stress that people should wisely think and select what they want to watch on TV. Sociologists made research and found that whatever TV news broadcast or newspapers write is all based on their own thinking knowledge. TV news has influenced people in different ways .the news of terrorism, murder, thefts and crime makes people feel hostile and aggressive. Researchers found a relationship between the media and the conduct. The principal and the foremost effect is to copy what is being shown. Secondly, it makes people insensitive making them hard-hearted about rest of the world. Others say that violent news makes people dreadful about the problems and pains of others (Johnson, 2008). Conclusion: Psychologists unite about the effects of TV news while research in this are is quite difficult to measure. A psychologist mentioned is very difficult to prove the relationship between violent media and the conduct through specific methodology. Anderson, C.A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L.R., Johnson, J., Linz, D., Malamuth, N., & Wartella, E. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, Vol. 4, pp.

Consider a particular real organization of your choice which has an Essay

Consider a particular real organization of your choice which has an international profile. Discuss how the organization is adopt - Essay Example The company is primarily engaged in manufacturing vehicles for the purpose of selling them to the general customers. The company was originally established in the year 1903 by Henry Ford and since then, the company has produced more than 260 millions of vehicles (Austin, 2001). It is worth mentioning that the automobile industry has grown to be much competitive in nature over the preceding few decades, particularly after the advent of the globalisation process. At the same time, the continuous advancement in the technological aspects has also contributed towards altering the business models and forcing the companies like Ford to incorporate radical changes in their respective supply chain and logistics operations for sustaining business in this competitive landscape. The company, during the year 1995 has initiated a plan to restructure its business model and other key areas of its activities such as Order to Delivery (OTD) and Ford Production System. The company with new structuring plan indented to reduce OTD and further desired to convert its supply chain based operations from push type to pull (Cao & et. al., 2010). In its structuring plan, it can be viewed that the ultimate aim of the company is to perform effectual supply chain along with logistics operations in a cost-effective manner (The Saylor Foundation, 2013; Ha, 2008). Correspondingly, this essay intends to discuss the sustainability and the green supply chain in the context of The Ford Motor Company. The Marketing Channels and Logistics Frameworks, Models and Theories and Latest Trends The marketing functions generally focus upon developing the tasks that are executed by the distribution systems and also the associated utilities of these functions. In this similar concern, marketing channels are viewed as the set of inter-reliant organisations that are engaged in the process of making certain products or services for consumption purpose. The marketing channels eventually draw attention to certain g roup of members such as wholesalers, distributors and retailers among the prime. These members are commonly engaged in the distribution system and are generally responsible for deliverance of products or services from the point of inception to the point of final consumption. It is worth mentioning that management of such marketing channels requires planning, organizing, coordinating, directing along with controlling efforts of channel members. For example, Ford Motor has articulated certain global terms and conditions especially for its suppliers that are duly required to be abided by them in order to conduct business with the company. Any supplier, who do not abide by the established sets of code of conduct which formulated by the company is liable to be terminated from the contractual arrangement (Borade & Bansod, 2007). In the contemporary business environment, most of the organisations are involved in providing customer-oriented view of marketing channels. The domain of marketin g channels typically includes market channel structure, governance and relationship management. In this regard, it can be firmly stated that the effort of one group in

Being A Good Father :: essays research papers

Being A Good Father   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although the essay â€Å"My Father’s Son† and the poem â€Å"my father’s son† written by the same author, Mel Donalson and have similar titles, they have different ways to express the son’s feeling of his father’s character, merit and devotion to his family. Both essay and poem’s main ideas center around affection and father’s commitment to his family. However, the poem only describes the cold weather and the father’s image in his regular life style without expression of the author’s deep feeling. It is understandable that the poem mainly expresses the author’s naà ¯ve character during his childhood. On the other hand, the essay is more detail in describing the author’s different feelings from his journey from boyhood to manhood. Unlike the poem, Donalson focuses on his life’s experience and development with his changeable attitude to father: from ungratefulness and contemp t to thankfulness and respect. Although both the poem and essay are different in form and narrator, they share the same elements and visual images to support the author’s message of respect between a father and son.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The author, Donalson, uses visual images in both the poem and essay to describe the respectable father whom the author had. He uses the word â€Å"gladiator† to describe his father. â€Å"Gladiator† literally means man trained to fight with weapons at public shows in an arena; however, it symbolizes his father’s courage and tolerance of hard-working environment. In the poem, the poet portrays his father as â€Å"dark and beautiful† and uses the phrases â€Å"broadness of his back,† and â€Å"a large dry hand† to describe his father. â€Å"Dark and beautiful† tells the reader that the author knows his father’s humble origin in the South but he still appreciates his father’s appearance. â€Å"Broadness of his back† shows his father is a strong and powerful man. All those merits of his father give reason that his father is a respectable man. In the essay, similar descriptions used to describe his f ather like â€Å"dark shadow moving against the white background,† â€Å"dark face hidden beneath a knit cap,† and â€Å"his giant steps.† Donalson emphasizes his father is a big and powerful man. His endurance and responsibility to his family really please the author. His father never did anything special besides â€Å"piling the Christmas gifts† and â€Å"covering the car insurance† to his son but he can still manage to endear himself to his family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In contrast to the poem, Donalson uses limited omniscient narrator in his essay to reveal to the reader his deep feelings of respect to his father.

Lang’s Alcohol Study: An Analysis

The study conducted by researcher Alan Lang on the effects of alcohol represented one of the first approaches to using the double-blind form of study. A double-blind study is a type of study in which neither the participants nor the experimenters themselves know who has received the treatment. In Lang’s (1975) study, he and his colleagues pre-tested amounts of vodka and tonic water, and plain tonic water, to determine whether or not the two can be significantly differentiated from one another. After learning that the two were virtually the same in taste, they recruited college men who described themselves as social drinkers to become participants in the study. Some of the participants drank vodka and tonic water while others drank tonic water alone. It was then revealed in the study that practically half of the men who drank vodka and tonic water thought they were drinking tonic water only, while those who did drink tonic water alone thought their drink was mixed with vodka. The last part of the experiment entailed provoking the participants, and the result was that those who believed that they had drunk vodka displayed more anger than those who thought they had drank tonic water only. It can be said then that the primary purpose of Lang’s entire study was to discover the effects of alcohol on human behavior. However, his study deviated from the normal process of using alcohol as a means of studying behavior because of the incorporated element of a double-blind. Also, his study could be defined as a correlational one, as it basically sought to find a relationship between the alcohol and the provoked aggressiveness among the participants. Only a primary source was used, and the subjects in this case were college students of the male gender. As for the selection of the participants for the study however, random selection was not utilized as only men who specifically described themselves as social drinkers were chosen to take part. The reason for this was probably because it was imperative for the results of the study that the participants be drinkers by nature, as only they could effectively have the best chance of differentiating vodka and tonic from tonic water alone. To do random selection would have been difficult as the researchers would have no guarantee as to the drinking preferences of the participants. The sampling method used was also not stratified, as in stratification, the sample population is first divided into a number of parts or â€Å"strata,† in order to relate it to the major variables being studied. The independent variable (IV) in this case is the alcohol given to the participants, whether it was vodka and tonic or plain tonic water alone. The dependent variable (DV) was the response of the participants, specifically the level of aggression displayed in response to the provocation done by the researchers. The theory for this study is that it was done in order to determine the effects alcohol could have on behavior, regardless of whether it (alcohol) was actually given or if it was merely perceived. A probable hypothesis would be that it the mere perception that alcohol was a part of one’s drink could effectively lead to a change in behavior on the part of the participants, without the need for the actual consumption of the alcohol. As evidenced by the documented results, this is exactly what happened. While the research is for the most part valid, especially with the use of the double-blind approach, there are nevertheless certain flaws in the procedure and methodology that could be improved upon by those who would later conduct related studies. First of all, the length of time with which the experiment was done could have been lengthened so that there would be more time to test the reactions of the participants. The use of other forms of alcohol other than vodka and tonic water would have also been a welcome addition to the process of the research, as it would lend even more credibility to the results of the study. The provocation itself could be placed under question; the researchers should have first taken steps to make sure that the provocation would not unknowingly trigger any previously stored extreme emotions. As an example, if one of the participants were black and the provocation was racially charged, this could serve to heighten the aggravated response of the participant as opposed to what would have been only a normal reaction. Perhaps the largest extraneous variable of all was the non-random selection of participants for the study. While it is noted that the researchers needed participants to be social drinkers to validate the differentiation process, there could have been other ways to better improve selection and reduce bias and other threats to validity. What could have been done was to select a large population of college students randomly and then determine who among those selected were drinkers. From that sample, the researchers could have then applied another randomization process to come up with the final list of participants. Nevertheless, in summary the Lang study has proven to contribute much to the body of knowledge in psychology, and for all its faults, still remains to be one of the classic psychological experiments worthy of emulation. Works Cited Rathus, Spencer. Psychology: Concepts and Connections, 9th Ed.. Thomson and Wadworth, 2007. Jung, John. Psychology of Alcohol and Other Drugs: A Research Perspective. Sage Publications, Inc., 2000. Haggert, Steve. Medical Psychology of Alcohol Drinking and Addiction: Index of New Information and References. Abbe Pub Assn. of Washington D.C., 1996 G